noun
- an official order or decree issued by a ruler in certain Middle Eastern or South Asian countries
Usage: historical
Examples
- The sultan issued a firman granting trading privileges to foreign merchants.
- The firman authorized the construction of a new mosque in the city.
- Local officials were required to enforce the provisions of the royal firman.
- The firman was written in ornate calligraphy and sealed with the ruler’s mark.
- Historians discovered several firmans dating back to the Ottoman period.
- The firman exempted certain religious communities from taxation.