noun
- plural of firman; official orders or decrees issued by a ruler, especially in former Ottoman Empire territories
Usage: historical
Examples
- The sultan issued several firmans regarding trade regulations.
- Historical firmans provide insight into Ottoman administrative practices.
- The museum displayed ancient firmans written in ornate calligraphy.
- Scholars studied the firmans to understand medieval governance.
- These firmans granted special privileges to certain merchant guilds.
- The collection included firmans dating back to the 16th century.