1. the theory that parts of a whole are in intimate interconnection, such that they cannot exist independently of the whole, or cannot be understood without reference to the whole
Usage: philosophy; psychology
2. an approach to medicine that considers the whole person, including mental and social factors, rather than just the symptoms of a disease
Usage: medicine; healthcare

Examples

• The philosopher advocated holism, arguing that consciousness cannot be reduced to individual brain processes.
• Her approach to psychology embraced holism, considering both biological and environmental factors.
• The medical center practices holism by treating patients’ emotional and physical needs together.
• Holism in ecology emphasizes that ecosystems function as integrated wholes.
• The therapist’s holism led her to consider the patient’s family relationships and work stress.
• Critics of holism argue that it makes scientific analysis more difficult.
• The school’s holism approach addresses students’ academic, social, and emotional development.