1. to increase the electrical potential difference across a cell membrane, making the inside more negative relative to the outside
Usage: chiefly biology, neuroscience
2. to subject (a substance, especially a nuclear spin system) to hyperpolarization in order to enhance its magnetic properties
Usage: physics, chemistry

Examples

• The neuron hyperpolarizes when potassium ions flow out of the cell.
• Hyperpolarizing the membrane makes the cell less likely to fire an action potential.
• Researchers hyperpolarize xenon nuclei to improve MRI signal detection.
• The inhibitory neurotransmitter causes the postsynaptic membrane to hyperpolarize.
• Scientists can hyperpolarize certain molecules to enhance their sensitivity in medical imaging.