1. Plural of kolkhoz; collective farms in the Soviet Union, typically state-controlled agricultural cooperatives where peasants worked communally on shared land.
Usage: historical; often capitalized when referring to specific Soviet institutions

Examples

• The kolkhozes were a central feature of Soviet agricultural policy during the 20th century.
• Workers on the kolkhozes shared equipment and harvested crops collectively.
• Many kolkhozes struggled with inefficiency and low productivity.
• The government reorganized several kolkhozes to increase grain production.
• After the Soviet Union collapsed, many kolkhozes were dismantled or privatized.