1. things that are not systems; entities lacking systematic organization or structure
Usage: technical; plural form

Examples

• The researcher distinguished between formal systems and nonsystems in the data.
• These random collections of parts are nonsystems rather than functioning wholes.
• The study compared organized networks with nonsystems to measure efficiency.
• Many failed projects result from treating nonsystems as if they were coherent systems.
• The analysis revealed several nonsystems that needed restructuring.
• Engineers must identify nonsystems before attempting systematic improvements.