1. the process by which fragments are chipped or broken off from a surface, especially by impact or thermal stress
Usage: technical
2. a nuclear reaction in which a high-energy particle breaks apart an atomic nucleus into smaller fragments
Usage: nuclear physics

Examples

• The concrete showed signs of spallation after years of freeze-thaw cycles.
• Spallation of the brick wall occurred due to the intense heat from the fire.
• Scientists use spallation neutron sources to study materials at the atomic level.
• The meteorite impact caused extensive spallation of the rock surface.
• Spallation reactions can produce various isotopes for medical research.
• The building’s facade required repair due to spallation damage from weathering.